• Crit Rev Biomed Eng · Jan 2002

    Review

    Modeling for neuromonitoring depth of anesthesia.

    • Xu-Sheng Zhang, Johnnie W Huang, and Rob J Roy.
    • Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Danvers, Massachusetts, USA.
    • Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 2002 Jan 1; 30 (1-3): 131-73.

    AbstractThis article reviews the various modeling techniques for neuromonitoring depth of anesthesia (DOA). Traditional techniques such as parametric, predictive, optimal, and adaptive modeling, proportional, integral, derivative (PID) modeling, together with modern techniques such as bispectral-based, artificial neural-network-based, fuzzy logic, and neuro-fuzzy modeling, bring us to the current state of the art in DOA neuromonitoring. This article reviews historical information about each of the modern techniques and provides an example demonstrating its implementation; reviews drug pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) and drug interaction PK/PD modeling techniques for a balanced total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) administration; and discusses the existing technical problems and clinical challenges, suggesting new techniques necessary for the future development of a DOA monitoring and control system.

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