• Wenlin Tai, Yiheng Xu, Jiawei Ding, Hanxin Wu, Ming Du, Xiaoyuan Qu, Ling Gao, Jinyu Li, and Zhaoxing Dong.
• Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yunnan Molecular Diagnostic Center, The Second affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
• Cell. Physiol. Biochem. 2017 Jan 1; 44 (4): 1526-1536.

Background/AimsAcute lung injury (ALI) remains a severe disease that threatens human life around the world. To decrease the mortality of ALI and improve ALI treatment efficacy, the development of more ALI treatments is urgently needed. Whether fibrocytes directly participate in ALI has not been studied. Therefore, a mouse model of ALI was induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).MethodsFibrocytes were harvested from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of bleomycin mice and identified by using flow cytometry to detect the expression of molecular makers. The fibrocytes were injected for the treatment of acute lung injury mice. The curative effects were evaluated by using ELISA to determine the cytokines (including TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ) concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) supernatant.ResultsThe concentrations of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were increased in mice with ALI induced with LPS. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IFN-γ as well as their mRNA and protein expression levels were decreased by administration of fibrocytes. The effect of fibrocytes in ameliorating ALI was time dependent. LPS treatment induced an increase in myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, whereas the fibrocyte treatment caused inhibition of MPO activity as well as expression of the neutrophil-chemoattractant chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2).ConclusionTaken together, these data suggest that fibrocytes ameliorated ALI by suppressing inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as by decreasing the accumulation of neutrophils in the lung.© 2017 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.

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