• Bruno Monguilhott Crozeta, Letícia Chaves de Souza, Correa Silva-Sousa Yara Teresinha YT University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil., Manoel D Sousa-Neto, David Enrique Jaramillo, and Renato Menezes Silva.
• Department of Endodontics, Barretos University, Barretos, SP, Brazil.
• J Endod. 2020 Sep 1; 46 (9): 1279-1285.

IntroductionNonsurgical endodontic retreatment continues to be a challenge in endodontics, particularly when dealing with a complex tooth anatomy. This study evaluated the efficacy of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and the GentleWave system as supplementary techniques to remove remaining filling materials from oval-shaped root canals.MethodsTwenty distal roots of human mandibular molars with single and oval-shaped canals were shaped with R40 (40.06) instrument and filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer using warm vertical obturation. Initial filling material removal was performed with R50 (50.05) instrument, followed by the use of PUI (n = 10) or GentleWave system (n = 10). Micro-computed tomographic images were obtained after obturation, initial material removal, and after the use of PUI and GentleWave. The volume of remaining filling material was calculated for the entire canal as well as for the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Statistical analyses were performed by using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. P ≤ .05 was considered significant.ResultsThe use of PUI and GentleWave as supplementary techniques significantly reduced the volume of remaining filling material after initial instrumentation (P < .05). However, none of these techniques was able to render canals free from filling materials. PUI showed better performance by removing 18% of the remaining filling material, whereas the GentleWave system was able to remove approximately 10% (P = .02).ConclusionsThe use of supplementary techniques optimized filling material removal after initial instrumentation. PUI enhanced the overall cleaning of the root canal system during endodontic retreatment in oval-shaped canals.Copyright © 2020 American Association of Endodontists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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