• Kosei Takagi, Ryuichi Yoshida, Takahito Yagi, Yuzo Umeda, Daisuke Nobuoka, Takashi Kuise, Shiro Hinotsu, Takashi Matsusaki, Hiroshi Morimatsu, Jun Eguchi, Jun Wada, Masuo Senda, and Toshiyoshi Fujiwara.
• Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. Electronic address: kotakagi15@gmail.com.
• Clin Nutr. 2019 Feb 1; 38 (1): 174-181.

Background & AimsEvidence of the advantages of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is limited. The aim of this study was to examine the efficiency of ERAS protocols in patients following PD.MethodsBetween June 2014 and October 2016, patients undergoing PD were randomly assigned to receive ERAS protocols or standard care. The primary endpoint was the postoperative length of stay. Secondary endpoints included postoperative complications, postoperative quality-of-life (QoR-40J), readmission, and medical cost.ResultsOf 80 eligible patients, 74 were analyzed in intention-to-treat principles: 37 in the control group and 37 in the ERAS group. The mean length of stay in the ERAS group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (20.1 ± 5.4 vs 26.9 ± 13.5 days, P < 0.001). The ERAS group had a significantly lower percentage of postoperative complications (32.4% vs 56.8%, P = 0.034) and readmissions (0% vs 8.1%, P = 0.038). Quality-of-life was also significantly better in the ERAS group (184 ± 12.4 vs 177 ± 14.5, P = 0.022). The total medical cost was lower in the ERAS group, but not significantly ($25,445 ± 5065 vs $28,384 ± 9999, P = 0.085).ConclusionsThe optimization of ERAS protocols in patients undergoing PD is safe and accelerates perioperative recovery and quality-of-life, thereby reducing the length of stay. Morbidity was significantly decreased in the ERAS group without compromising surgical outcome.Registration NumberUMIN000014068.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.

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