• Jorrit S Lemkes, Gladys N Janssens, Nina W van der Hoeven, JewbaliLucia S DLSDThorax Center, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands., Eric A Dubois, Martijn M Meuwissen, Topm A Rijpstra, Hans A Bosker, Michiel J Blans, Gabe B Bleeker, Remon R Baak, George J Vlachojannis, EikemansBob J WBJWDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands., Pim van der Harst, van der HorstIwan C CICCDepartment of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, University Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands., Michiel Voskuil, Joris J van der Heijden, Albertus Beishuizen, Martin Stoel, Cyril Camaro, Hans van der Hoeven, Jose P Henriques, VlaarAlexander P JAPJDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location AMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Maarten A Vink, Bas van den Bogaard, Ton A C M Heestermans, Wouter de Ruijter, DelnoijThijs S RTSRDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, University Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands., CrijnsHarry J G MHJGMDepartment of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands., JessurunGillian A JGAJDepartment of Cardiology, Scheper Hospital, Emmen, the Netherlands., Pranobe V Oemrawsingh, Marcel T M Gosselink, Koos Plomp, Michael Magro, ElbersPaul W GPWGDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Eva M Spoormans, Peter M van de Ven, Oudemans-van StraatenHeleen MHMDepartment of Intensive Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., and Niels van Royen.
• Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
• JAMA Cardiol. 2020 Dec 1; 5 (12): 1358-1365.

ImportanceIschemic heart disease is a common cause of cardiac arrest. However, randomized data on long-term clinical outcomes of immediate coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients successfully resuscitated from cardiac arrest in the absence of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are lacking.ObjectiveTo determine whether immediate coronary angiography improves clinical outcomes at 1 year in patients after cardiac arrest without signs of STEMI, compared with a delayed coronary angiography strategy.Design, Setting, And ParticipantsA prespecified analysis of a multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial evaluated 552 patients who were enrolled in 19 Dutch centers between January 8, 2015, and July 17, 2018. The study included patients who experienced out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with a shockable rhythm who were successfully resuscitated without signs of STEMI. Follow-up was performed at 1 year. Data were analyzed, using the intention-to-treat principle, between August 29 and October 10, 2019.InterventionsImmediate coronary angiography and PCI if indicated or coronary angiography and PCI if indicated, delayed until after neurologic recovery.Main Outcomes And MeasuresSurvival, myocardial infarction, revascularization, implantable cardiac defibrillator shock, quality of life, hospitalization for heart failure, and the composite of death or myocardial infarction or revascularization after 1 year.ResultsAt 1 year, data on 522 of 552 patients (94.6%) were available for analysis. Of these patients, 413 were men (79.1%); mean (SD) age was 65.4 (12.3) years. A total of 162 of 264 patients (61.4%) in the immediate angiography group and 165 of 258 patients (64.0%) in the delayed angiography group were alive (odds ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.63-1.28). The composite end point of death, myocardial infarction, or repeated revascularization since the index hospitalization was met in 112 patients (42.9%) in the immediate group and 104 patients (40.6%) in the delayed group (odds ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.77-1.56). No significant differences between the groups were observed for the other outcomes at 1-year follow-up. For example, the rate of ICD shocks was 20.4% in the immediate group and 16.2% in the delayed group (odds ratio, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.66-2.64).Conclusions And RelevanceIn this trial of patients successfully resuscitated after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and without signs of STEMI, a strategy of immediate angiography was not found to be superior to a strategy of delayed angiography with respect to clinical outcomes at 1 year. Coronary angiography in this patient group can therefore be delayed until after neurologic recovery without affecting outcomes.Trial Registrationtrialregister.nl Identifier: NTR4973.

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