• Ann Behav Med · Feb 2021

    Theory-based Behavioral Predictors of Self-reported Use of Face Coverings in Public Settings during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States.

    • John P Barile, Rebecca J Guerin, Kiva A Fisher, Lin H Tian, Andrea H Okun, Kayla L Vanden Esschert, Alexiss Jeffers, Brian M Gurbaxani, William W Thompson, and Christine E Prue.
    • Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Sakamaki, Honolulu, HI.
    • Ann Behav Med. 2021 Feb 12; 55 (1): 82-88.

    BackgroundInvestigating antecedents of behaviors, such as wearing face coverings, is critical for developing strategies to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine associations between theory-based behavioral predictors of intention to wear a face covering and actual wearing of a face covering in public.MethodsData from a cross-sectional panel survey of U.S. adults conducted in May and June 2020 (N = 1,004) were used to test a theory-based behavioral path model. We (a) examined predictors of intention to wear a face covering, (b) reported use of cloth face coverings, and (c) reported use of other face masks (e.g., a surgical mask or N95 respirator) in public.ResultsWe found that being female, perceived importance of others wanting the respondent to wear a face covering, confidence to wear a face covering, and perceived importance of personal face covering use was positively associated with intention to wear a face covering in public. Intention to wear a face covering was positively associated with self-reported wearing of a cloth face covering if other people were observed wearing cloth face coverings in public at least "rarely" (aOR = 1.43), with stronger associations if they reported "sometimes" (aOR = 1.83), "often" (aOR = 2.32), or "always" (aOR = 2.96). For other types of face masks, a positive association between intention and behavior was only present when observing others wearing face masks "often" (aOR = 1.25) or "always" (aOR = 1.48).ConclusionsIntention to wear face coverings and observing other people wearing them are important behavioral predictors of adherence to the CDC recommendation to wear face coverings in public.Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Behavioral Medicine 2020.

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