• H Fouquet, M Guimas, S Teulier, H Testaert, E Bergot, and L Reviron-Rabec.
• Service de pneumologie et oncologie thoracique, CHU de Caen, centre régional de compétence des HTAP sévères, 14033 Caen, France. Electronic address: helen.fouquet@free.fr.
• Rev Mal Respir. 2018 Nov 1; 35 (9): 959-962.

IntroductionAeromonas pneumonia associated with near-drowning, though uncommon, is serious and a major morbidity factor for patients.Clinical CaseA healthy 30-year-old man nearly drowned in a pound. He was admitted to the medical intensive care unit and required intubation and mechanical ventilation. He was given antibiotic therapy in the form of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. After a brief stable period post immersion, he rapidly developed fever and respiratory failure. The thoracic scan revealed bilateral alveolar infiltrates and led to a fibreoptic bronchoscopy. Aeromonas veroniiandPseudomonas aeruginosa were found on culture of the bronchial aspirate. A change of antibiotic therapy appropriate to these bacteria led to clinical improvement and allowed complete withdrawal of ventilation.ConclusionRapid respiratory deterioration following near-drowning should raise the suspicion of pulmonary infection with the bacteria usually found in the respiratory tract during ventilation but without overlooking the possibility of unusual organisms, particularly Aeromonas.It is usuallysensitive to third generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Ideally, Aeromonas should be sought in pulmonary aspirates and samples of the water where immersion occurred.Copyright © 2018 SPLF. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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