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Arthritis and rheumatism · Jan 2009
Case ReportsSuccessful treatment of idiopathic recurrent pericarditis in children with interleukin-1beta receptor antagonist (anakinra): an unrecognized autoinflammatory disease?
- Paolo Picco, Giacomo Brisca, Francesco Traverso, Anna Loy, Marco Gattorno, and Alberto Martini.
- G. Gaslini Institute, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy. paolopicco@ospedale-gaslini.ge.it
- Arthritis Rheum. 2009 Jan 1; 60 (1): 264-8.
AbstractRecurrent pericarditis occurs in association with various medical conditions, but in most cases the condition appears to be idiopathic. Although high-dose steroid treatment is often effective, it may have serious side effects. Herein we describe 3 children with recurrent pericarditis who were treated at our hospital, during flares, with the interleukin-1beta receptor antagonist anakinra, with immediate response. Pericarditis recurred when anakinra treatment was discontinued, and no further episodes occurred after it was resumed. Idiopathic recurrent pericarditis shares several features with autoinflammatory diseases, and anakinra has been efficacious in the treatment of the latter diseases. The findings in these patients suggest that idiopathic recurrent pericarditis may be a previously unrecognized autoinflammatory disease.
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