• Marco Domenico Cirillo, Robin Mirdell, Folke Sjöberg, and Tuan D Pham.
• Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Centre for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. Electronic address: marco.domenico.cirillo@liu.se.
• Burns. 2021 Nov 1; 47 (7): 1586-1593.

AbstractThis paper illustrates the efficacy of an artificial intelligence (AI) (a convolutional neural network, based on the U-Net), for the burn-depth assessment using semantic segmentation of polarized high-performance light camera images of burn wounds. The proposed method is evaluated for paediatric scald injuries to differentiate four burn wound depths: superficial partial-thickness (healing in 0-7 days), superficial to intermediate partial-thickness (healing in 8-13 days), intermediate to deep partial-thickness (healing in 14-20 days), deep partial-thickness (healing after 21 days) and full-thickness burns, based on observed healing time. In total 100 burn images were acquired. Seventeen images contained all 4 burn depths and were used to train the network. Leave-one-out cross-validation reports were generated and an accuracy and dice coefficient average of almost 97% was then obtained. After that, the remaining 83 burn-wound images were evaluated using the different network during the cross-validation, achieving an accuracy and dice coefficient, both on average 92%. This technique offers an interesting new automated alternative for clinical decision support to assess and localize burn-depths in 2D digital images. Further training and improvement of the underlying algorithm by e.g., more images, seems feasible and thus promising for the future.Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

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