• R Klein, F Laue, G Matthes, and C Wölfl.
• Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und Sporttraumatologie, Marienhaus Klinikum Hetzelstift, Stiftstraße 10, 67435, Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Deutschland. roman.klein@marienhaus.de.
• Unfallchirurg. 2021 May 1; 124 (5): 391-406.

AbstractJoint dislocations are always accompanied by rupture of the joint capsule. Depending on the forces exerted on the joint as well as individual bone quality, fractures (dislocation fractures) and injuries to ligaments occur. As blood vessels and nerves can also be damaged, reduction is an urgent measure. Only impaired peripheral perfusion, loss of motor function or sensation justify reduction without radiological documentation. As reduction can be a painful procedure, analgosedation is nearly always necessary. Evidence for superiority of individual maneuvers is weak. Reduction is followed by immobilization and documented by another control X‑ray. Follow-up treatment depends on concomitant injuries, age and individual demands on joint function. Even with correct follow-up treatment, deficits often persist. This article deals with the diagnostics and treatment of dislocations of the shoulder, elbow, hip, patella and knee.

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