• Daniele Borsetto, Virginia Corazzi, Rupert Obholzer, Chiara Bianchini, Stefano Pelucchi, Marco Solmi, Dan Jiang, Nikul Amin, Irumee Pai, and Andrea Ciorba.
• Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, UK.
• Panminerva Med. 2023 Mar 1; 65 (1): 849084-90.

IntroductionDizziness is a common disorder, particularly among the elderly population. Aim of this paper was to revise the current concepts surrounding the relationship between dizziness, psychological disorders and cognitive decline.Evidence AcquisitionThis is a PRISMA-compliant systematic review, including observational studies in people with dizziness. Database inception, Medline/Cochrane/Embase/Web of Science/Scopus/NHS evidence were searched until October 30, 2019.Evidence SynthesisOverall 22 studies, and 65,730 participants were included. Eleven studies were cross-sectional, 7 cross-sectional controlled, 2 prospective case-control, 1 retrospective case series, and 1 cohort study. The persistence of vestibular impairment (for 6 months or more) was correlated to the presence of psychological disorders affecting patient's Quality of Life and causing social anxiety, particularly in some conditions such as Ménière's disease. Interestingly, vestibular loss has been also correlated to cognitive impairment, with certain vestibular dysfunctions reported to be more prevalent in cognitive impaired individuals.ConclusionsThe current literature suggests that there is an association between vestibular function, psychological disorders and cognitive functions. The findings from this review could be useful in informing on the need for a multidimensional diagnostic and rehabilitative programs for patients with dizziness. More studies could explore the role of counseling or behavioral therapy with an aim to reduce the perceived dizziness-related disability.

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