• Linda C Battes, Jin M Cheng, Rohit M Oemrawsingh, Eric Boersma, Hector M Garcia-Garcia, Sanneke P M de Boer, Nermina Buljubasic, Nicolas A van Mieghem, Evelyn Regar, Geuns Robert-Jan van RJ Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Thoraxcenter, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic addr, Patrick W Serruys, K Martijn Akkerhuis, and Isabella Kardys.
• Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Thoraxcenter, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: battes@erasmusmc.nl.
• Atherosclerosis. 2014 Sep 1; 236 (1): 18-24.

ObjectiveWe investigated whether concentrations of TNF-α, TNF-β, TNF-receptor 2, interferon-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and IL-18 are associated with extent and composition of coronary atherosclerosis determined by grayscale and virtual histology (VH)- intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).MethodsBetween 2008 and 2011, IVUS(-VH) imaging of a non-culprit coronary artery was performed in 581 patients (stable angina pectoris (SAP), n = 261; acute coronary syndrome (ACS), n = 309) undergoing coronary angiography from the ATHEROREMO-IVUS study. Plaque burden, presence of VH-IVUS-derived thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) lesions, and presence of VH-TCFA lesions with plaque burden ≥70% were assessed. Blood samples for cytokine measurement were drawn from the arterial sheath prior to the angiography procedure. We applied linear and logistic regression.ResultsTNF-α levels were positively associated with plaque burden (beta (β) [95%CI]: 4.45 [0.99-7.91], for highest vs lowest TNF-α tertile) and presence of VH-TCFA lesions (odds ratio (OR) [95%CI] 2.30 (1.17-4.52), highest vs lowest TNF-α tertile) in SAP patients. Overall, an inverse association was found between IL-10 concentration and plaque burden (β [95%CI]: -1.52 [-2.49 to -0.55], per Ln (pg/mL) IL-10) as well as IL-10 and VH-TCFA lesions with plaque burden ≥70% (OR: 0.31 [0.12-0.80],highest vs lowest IL-10 tertile). These effects did not reach statistical significance in the separate SAP and ACS groups.ConclusionHigher circulating TNF-α was associated with higher plaque burden and VH-TCFA lesions in SAP patients. Lower circulating IL-10 was associated with higher plaque burden and large VH-TCFA lesions. These in-vivo findings suggest a role for these cytokines in extent and vulnerability of atherosclerosis.Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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