• Jeff Joireman, Dishan Kamdar, Denise Daniels, and Blythe Duell.
• Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA. joireman@wsu.edu
• J Appl Psychol. 2006 Nov 1; 91 (6): 1307-20.

AbstractOrganizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) can be viewed as a social dilemma in which short-term employee sacrifice leads to long-term organizational benefits. With 3 studies, the authors evaluated a set of interrelated hypotheses based on a social dilemma analysis of OCBs. In Study 1, participants rated OCBs as costly to an employee in the short run and beneficial to an organization in the long run, indicating that OCBs were viewed as social dilemmas. In Studies 2 and 3, self-reported (Study 2) and supervisor-rated (Study 3) likelihood of engaging in OCBs was higher among those who adopted a long-term horizon within an organization and those high in empathy (M. H. Davis, 1983). Most important, a short-term time horizon led to a steeper decline in OCBs among employees low in empathy and those concerned with the future consequences of their actions.(c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved

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