• Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. · Aug 2019

    Comparative Study

    Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in paucibacillary sputum: performances of the Xpert MTB/RIF ultra compared to the Xpert MTB/RIF, and IS6110 PCR.

    • P Kolia-Diafouka, S Carrère-Kremer, M Lounnas, A Bourdin, L Kremer, P Van de Perre, S Godreuil, and E Tuaillon.
    • Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, INSERM, EFS, Université de Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, France.
    • Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2019 Aug 1; 94 (4): 365-370.

    AbstractThe Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra assay has recently been launched to improve the detection of smear negative disease. This retrospective study compares the sensitivity of Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra with that of Xpert MTB/RIF tests and IS6110 real-time PCR in sputum. Diagnostic performance of three molecular tests was evaluated using 48 culture-positive clinical respiratory specimens diluted to obtain paucibacillary sputum specimens. Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra had the highest sensitivity of 100% compared to 42% (P < 0.001) for Xpert MTB/RIF and 64.5% (P = 0.02) for IS6110-PCR. All "very low" or "low" positive specimens using Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra were tested positive using IS6110-PCR, but 35.4% were found negative using Xpert MTB/RIF. Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra is more sensitive than the two other tests for sputum with a low bacterial load. Adding detection of IS6110 and IS1081 to rpoB, is a key evolution of the assay and improves the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis' DNA in paucibacillary sputum.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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