• Raymond H Thornton and Anne M Covey.
• Department of Radiology, Section of Interventional Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.
• Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 2016 Sep 1; 19 (3): 170-81.

AbstractUrinary drainage procedures are used to treat a wide range of clinical situations including pyonephrosis, preservation of renal function in patients with ureteral obstruction, as a means to access the collecting system for stone retrieval or lithotripsy and to divert urine from a distal leak or fistula. Several different drainage devices are available and include those that provide obligatory external drainage (nephrostomy), both internal and external drainage (nephroureteral stent) and internal drainage (double-J stent). Each device requires some maintenance and effort on the patient's part-from having to undergo routine exchange of double-J stents every 3-6 months to the daily management of an external catheter and drainage bag. Ideally, the desired outcome can be attained with minimal effect on patient lifestyle. In this article, we present our approach to patients who require urinary drainage, with a focus on choosing and placing the most appropriate device in a variety of clinical scenarios. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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