• Abolfazl Rahimizadeh, Valiollah Hassani, Housain Soufiani, Ava Rahimizadeh, Mona Karimi, and Naser Asgari.
• Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center, Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
• Surg Neurol Int. 2020 Jan 1; 11: 18.

BackgroundIn osteoporotic patients, a useful technique for significantly enhancing the strength of a pedicle screw is augmentation with polymethylmethacrylate cement. However, a rare complication of this procedure is a symptomatic pulmonary cement embolism.Case DescriptionA pedicle screw cement augmentation was performed in a middle-aged female for the failed back syndrome. When she developed symptomatic pulmonary cement emboli, she was successfully managed with conservative measures, including anticoagulation.ConclusionDespite the increased use of cement augmentation for pedicle screw placement and the relatively high incidence of cement leakage into the prevertebral venous system, symptomatic cement pulmonary embolism remains rare. The management of such symptomatic CPE should be evaluated and treated based on both the size and location of the embolism. Here, we presented this case while reviewing three symptomatic and four asymptomatic cases from the literature.Copyright: © 2020 Surgical Neurology International.

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