• Toshiyuki Ueno, Takanori Ohta, Hiroshi Imanaga, Megumi Nakazawa, Yoriko Sato, Yasuhiro Sugio, Yujiro Uchida, Yuju Ohno, and Yasufumi Uehara.
• Department of Hematology, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Japan.
• Intern. Med. 2021 Nov 15; 60 (22): 3605-3608.

AbstractAn elderly patient with multiple myeloma (MM) was being treated with several regimens and developed a severe drug eruption, necessitating the use of atovaquone instead of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis. For progressive MM, treatment with isatuximab, an anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, was started. During the treatment, he developed Listeria monocytogenes bacteremia and recovered quickly with ampicillin administration. CD38 is closely related to the innate immune response against L. monocytogenes, and isatuximab may increase the risk of infection. Therefore, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may be useful in the prevention of not only PCP but also L. monocytogenes infection.

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