• Massimo Iacoviello, Alberto Palazzuoli, and Edoardo Gronda.
• Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
• Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2021 Nov 1; 51 (11): e13624.

BackgroundOver the last years, several trials offered new evidence on heart failure (HF) treatment.Design And ResultsFor HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, type 2 sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitors, aside from sacubitril-valsartan, demonstrated extraordinary efficacy in ameliorating patients' prognosis. Some new molecules (eg vericiguat, omecamtiv mecarbil and ferric carboxymaltose) correct iron deficiency and have shown to be capable of furthering reducing the burden of HF hospitalisation. Finally, there is new evidence on the possible therapeutic approaches of HF patients with mid-range or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.ConclusionsThis review aimed to revise the main novelties in the field of HF therapy and focus on how the daily clinical approach to patient treatment is changing.© 2021 The Authors. European Journal of Clinical Investigation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.

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