• Vinícius Caldeira Quintão, Charlize Kessin de Oliveira Sales, Estefania Morales Herrera, Richard K Ellerkmann, H David Rosen, and CarmonaMaria José CarvalhoMJCUniversidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina (FM), Hospital das Clinicas (HC), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil..
• Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Medicina (FM), Hospital das Clinicas (HC), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; Hospital Municipal Infantil Menino Jesus, Servicos Medicos de Anestesia, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: vinicius.quintao@hc.fm.usp.br.
• Braz J Anesthesiol. 2021 Apr 3.

BackgroundPediatric emergence delirium is characterized by a disturbance of a child's awareness during the early postoperative period that manifests as disorientation, altered attention and perception. The incidence of emergence delirium varies between 18% and 80% depending on risk factors and how it is measured. Reports from Canada, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom, and France demonstrated a wide range of preventive measures and definitions, indicating that there is a lack of clarity regarding emergence delirium. We aimed to assess the practices and beliefs among Brazilian anesthesiologists regarding emergence delirium.MethodsA web-based survey was developed using REDCap®. A link and QR Code were sent by email to all Brazilian anesthesiologists associated with the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology (SBA).ResultsWe collected 671 completed questionnaires. The majority of respondents (97%) considered emergence delirium a relevant adverse event. Thirty-two percent of respondents reported routinely administrating medication to prevent emergence delirium, with clonidine (16%) and propofol (15%) being the most commonly prescribed medications. More than 70% of respondents reported a high level of patient and parent anxiety, a previous history of emergence delirium, and untreated pain as risk factors for emergence delirium. Regarding treatment, thirty-five percent of respondents reported using propofol, followed by midazolam (26%).ConclusionAlthough most respondents considered emergence delirium a relevant adverse event, only one-third of them routinely applied preventive measures. Clonidine and propofol were the first choices for pharmacological prevention. For treatment, propofol and midazolam were the most commonly prescribed medications.Copyright © 2021 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.

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