• World Neurosurg · Aug 2021

    Retrotransverse Foramen and Retrotransverse Groove Anatomic Variations of the Atlas Vertebra in Chinese population.

    • Xi-Hong Xing, Man-Hua Huang, Isaac Kumi Adu, Jian-Cheng Wang, and Gang Cui.
    • Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Hospital of Jingzhou & the Affiliated Hospital of Hubei College of Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou, China.
    • World Neurosurg. 2021 Aug 1; 152: e193-e200.

    ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence of retrotransverse foramen (RTF) or retrotransverse groove (RTG) anatomic variations in Chinese atlas vertebra (C1).MethodsThree-dimensional volume-rendered computed tomography angiography images of 427 subjects (264 males, 163 females; 17-87 years old) were reviewed and evaluated using dedicated software. The prevalence of RTF and RTG anatomic variation of C1 was analyzed.ResultsRTF anatomic variants were present in 50 (11.7%) atlases. Bilateral RTF, unilateral left RTF, and unilateral right RTF were present in 16 (3.8%), 20 (4.9%), and 14 (3.3%) vertebrae. Comparison between males and females revealed differences in bilateral RTF (P = 0.010) and unilateral left RTF (P = 0.008). RTG anatomic variants were present in 113 (26.5%) atlases. Bilateral RTG, unilateral left RTG, and unilateral right RTG were present in 39 (9.1%), 30 (7.0%), and 44 (10.3%) vertebrae. Comparison between males and females revealed differences in RTG (P = 0.000), bilateral RTG (P = 0.006), and unilateral left RTG (P = 0.034). RTF was detected in 36 cases on the left and 30 cases on the right. RTG was detected in 69 cases on the left and 79 cases on the right. There were no side differences in the prevalence of RTF and RTG.ConclusionsThe incidence of RTG is higher than the incidence of RTF. Incidence of bilateral RTF, bilateral RTG, unilateral left RTF, unilateral left RTG, and RTG differed between males and females. Preoperative understanding of these variations using three-dimensional computed tomography angiography is helpful for safe execution of upper cervical posterior approach surgery.Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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