• Eun-Hee Kim, Hee-Chul Yoon, Ji-Hyun Lee, Hee-Soo Kim, Young-Eun Jang, Sang-Hwan Ji, Sung-Ae Cho, and Jin-Tae Kim.
• Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
• Br J Anaesth. 2021 Aug 1; 127 (2): 275-280.

BackgroundPoint-of-care ultrasonography can estimate gastric contents and volume to assess the risk of pulmonary aspiration; however, its use in infants has not been well validated. We aimed to develop a predictive model for estimating gastric fluid volume using ultrasonography in infants.MethodsThis prospective observational study enrolled 200 infants (≤12 months) undergoing general anaesthesia. After anaesthetic induction, while preserving spontaneous respiration, we measured gastric antral cross-sectional area using ultrasonography in both the supine and right lateral decubitus positions. We then suctioned the gastric content and measured its volume. The primary outcome was development of a gastric fluid volume prediction model with multiple regression analysis. Agreement between the predicted volume and the suctioned volume was evaluated using a Bland-Altman plot.ResultsOverall, 192 infants were included in the final analysis. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the gastric antral cross-sectional area in the supine (P<0.001; correlation coefficient: 0.667) and right lateral decubitus (P<0.001; correlation coefficient: 0.845) positions and qualitative antral grade (P<0.001; correlation coefficient: 0.581) correlated with suctioned volume. We developed a predictive model: predicted volume (ml)=-3.7+6.5 × (right lateral decubitus cross-sectional area [cm2])-3.9 (supine cross-sectional area [cm2])+1.7 × grade (P<0.01). When comparing the predicted volume and suctioned volume, the mean bias was 0.01 ml kg-1 and the limit of agreement was -0.58 to 0.62 ml kg-1.ConclusionsGastric fluid volume can be estimated using a predictive model based on ultrasonography data in infants.Clinical Trial RegistrationNCT03155776.Copyright © 2021 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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