• Mary Hokazono, Gisele Sampaio Silva, Edina Mariko Koga Silva, and Josefina Aparecida Pellegrini Braga.
• Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. mhoka@ig.com.br
• Sao Paulo Med J. 2011 May 1; 129 (3): 134138134-8.

Context And ObjectiveTranscranial Doppler (TCD) detects stroke risk among children with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Our aim was to evaluate TCD findings in patients with different sickle cell disease (SCD) genotypes and correlate the time-averaged maximum mean (TAMM) velocity with hematological characteristics.Design And SettingCross-sectional analytical study in the Pediatric Hematology sector, Universidade Federal de São Paulo.Methods85 SCD patients of both sexes, aged 2-18 years, were evaluated, divided into: group I (62 patients with SCA/Sß(0) thalassemia); and group II (23 patients with SC hemoglobinopathy/Sß(+) thalassemia). TCD was performed and reviewed by a single investigator using Doppler ultrasonography with a 2 MHz transducer, in accordance with the Stroke Prevention Trial in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP) protocol. The hematological parameters evaluated were: hematocrit, hemoglobin, reticulocytes, leukocytes, platelets and fetal hemoglobin. Univariate analysis was performed and Pearson's coefficient was calculated for hematological parameters and TAMM velocities (P < 0.05).ResultsTAMM velocities were 137 ± 28 and 103 ± 19 cm/s in groups I and II, respectively, and correlated negatively with hematocrit and hemoglobin in group I. There was one abnormal result (1.6%) and five conditional results (8.1%) in group I. All results were normal in group II. Middle cerebral arteries were the only vessels affected.ConclusionThere was a low prevalence of abnormal Doppler results in patients with sickle-cell disease. Time-average maximum mean velocity was significantly different between the genotypes and correlated with hematological characteristics.

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