• Matthew DeCamp and Charlotta Lindvall.
• Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
• J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2020 Dec 9; 27 (12): 2020-2023.

AbstractIncreasing recognition of biases in artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms has motivated the quest to build fair models, free of biases. However, building fair models may be only half the challenge. A seemingly fair model could involve, directly or indirectly, what we call "latent biases." Just as latent errors are generally described as errors "waiting to happen" in complex systems, latent biases are biases waiting to happen. Here we describe 3 major challenges related to bias in AI algorithms and propose several ways of managing them. There is an urgent need to address latent biases before the widespread implementation of AI algorithms in clinical practice.© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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