• Minako Kobayashi, Yasuhiko Mohri, Hitoshi Tonouchi, Chikao Miki, Keiji Nakai, Masato Kusunoki, and Mie Surgical Infection Research Group.
• Department of Innovative Surgery and Surgical Techniques Development, Division of Reparative Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
• Surg. Today. 2007 Jan 1; 37 (5): 383-8.

PurposeThe use of preoperative oral antibiotics during preparation for elective colorectal surgery remains controversial. This was a prospective randomized clinical trial to compare the efficacy of intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis alone with combined oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis for surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery.MethodsFive hundred patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 491 were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis or combined oral and intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI within 6 weeks of elective colorectal surgery.ResultsThe incidence of SSI was similar in the two treatment groups: intravenous alone, 10.7%; and oral and intravenous, 7.0% (difference 3.7%; 95% confidence interval -4.8% to 5.6%). No critical adverse events were reported.ConclusionThe addition of oral antibiotics to intravenous antimicrobial prophylaxis showed no advantage in the prevention of SSI.

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