• Ahtisham Younas, Hussan Zeb, Shadia Begum Aziz, Sedira Sana, Jacoline Sommer Albert, Inam Ullah Khan, Shahzad Inayat, Farida Himat Khan, and Subia Parveen Rasheed.
• Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada; DSW The Caregivers, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada; Shifa College of Nursing, Islamabad, Pakistan. Electronic address: ay6133@mun.ca.
• Nurse Educ Today. 2019 Oct 1; 81: 39-48.

BackgroundNurse educators are required to equip students with adequate theoretical and practical knowledge to provide effective nursing care. Limited studies have explored educators' challenges while teaching students. Existing studies are limited because of small sample, overreliance on qualitative approaches, and unreliable instruments that have not been tested.ObjectivesTo explore nurse educators' perspectives about their clinical and academic teaching, to develop a questionnaire to determine educators' challenges, and to develop a comprehensive understanding of educators' challenges.DesignA sequential exploratory mixed-methods study.SettingsTwelve nursing institutions in five cities of Pakistan.ParticipantsA purposive sample of 12 educators for interviews and 112 for the survey.MethodsSemi-structured interviews and survey for data collection and expert consultations for questionnaire development. Thematic analysis for qualitative analysis, descriptive analysis for quantitative, and joint display tables for mixed methods.ResultsEducators experience workload and time constraints and struggle to effectively teach students due to inadequate student-educator ratio; underdeveloped curriculum; inadequate resources; inadequate clinical teaching settings for skills, simulation labs; inadequate professional development opportunities; lack of autonomous decision making; lack of educational, management, and research support from the regulatory bodies; and lack of educational research.ConclusionsNurse educators' issues and challenges are persistent and require support from regulatory bodies and educational authorities. There is a need to develop policies to improve teaching and learning conditions for educators, provide them with the opportunities to enhance their own learning, and opportunities to collaborate with other educators in order to better prepare student nurses.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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