• Panminerva medica · Sep 2023

    Observational Study

    Physical and psychological sequelae at three months after acute illness in COVID-19 survivors.

    • Rebecca DE Lorenzo, Elena Cinel, Marta Cilla, Nicola Compagnone, Marica Ferrante, Elisabetta Falbo, Alessandro Patrizi, Jacopo Castellani, Cristiano Magnaghi, Stefania L Calvisi, Teresa Arcidiacono, Chiara Lanzani, Valentina Canti, Mario G Mazza, Sabina Martinenghi, Giordano Vitali, Francesco Benedetti, Fabio Ciceri, Caterina Conte, and Patrizia Rovere Querini.
    • Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
    • Panminerva Med. 2023 Sep 1; 65 (3): 312320312-320.

    BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may leave behind an altered health status early after recovery. We evaluated the clinical status of COVID-19 survivors at three months after hospital discharge.MethodsIn this prospective observational cohort study, hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years, evaluated at one (M1) and three (M3) months post-discharge were enrolled. 251 patients (71.3% males, median [IQR] age 61.8 [53.5-70.7] years) were included. Median (IQR) time from discharge to M3 was 89 (79.5-101) days. Primary outcome was residual respiratory dysfunction (RRD), defined by tachypnea, moderate to very severe dyspnea, or peripheral oxygen saturation ≤95% on room air at M3.ResultsRRD was found in 30.4% of patients, with no significant difference compared with M1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and length of stay were independent predictors of RRD at multivariable logistic regression (OR [95% CI]: 4.13 [1.17-16.88], P=0.033; OR [95% CI]: 1.02 [1.00-1.04], P=0.047, respectively). Obesity and C-reactive protein levels upon admission were additional predictors at regression tree analysis. Impaired quality of life (QoL) was reported by 53.2% of patients. Anxiety and insomnia were each present in 25.5% of patients, and PTSD in 22.4%. No difference was found between M1 and M3 in QoL, anxiety or PTSD. Insomnia decreased at M3. Current major psychiatric disorder as well as anxiety, insomnia and PSTD at M1 independently predicted PTSD at M3.ConclusionsClinical damage may persist at three months after discharge in COVID-19 survivors. Post-recovery follow-up is an essential component of patient management.

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