• J. Diabetes Complicat. · Mar 2007

    Randomized Controlled Trial

    Effects of metformin or rosiglitazone on serum concentrations of homocysteine, folate, and vitamin B12 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

    • Mustafa Sahin, Neslihan B Tutuncu, Derun Ertugrul, Nedret Tanaci, and Nilgun D Guvener.
    • Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. drsahinmustafa@yahoo.com
    • J. Diabetes Complicat. 2007 Mar 1; 21 (2): 118-23.

    ObjectivesMetformin is widely used in patients with type 2 diabetes but may decrease vitamin B(12) levels and increase levels of homocysteine (Hcy), a cardiovascular risk factor. Rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist, may reduce markers of inflammation. We investigated whether 6 weeks' treatment with metformin or rosiglitazone affects serum concentrations of Hcy, folate, or vitamin B(12) in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes compared with controls.MethodsWe examined 165 patients with type 2 diabetes. Fasting blood samples, a physical examination, and a complete medical history were performed at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. All blood samples were obtained after a 12-h fast.ResultsAfter treatment, metformin use was associated with an increase in levels of Hcy by 2.36 micromol/l and decreases in folate and vitamin B(12) concentrations by -1.04 ng/ml and -20.17 pg/ml. During rosiglitazone treatment, Hcy levels decreased by -0.92 micromol/l; folate and vitamin B(12) levels remained unchanged. Metformin and rosiglitazone significantly decreased levels of triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (total-C), HbA1c, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Metformin also significantly decreased body weight. In controls, there was no change in Hcy, folic acid, vitamin B(12), TG, LDL, total-C, HbA1c, insulin, or HOMA levels. Homocysteine change did not correlate with insulin, folate, or vitamin B(12) changes in the metformin and rosiglitazone groups.ConclusionsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, metformin reduces levels of folate and vitamin B(12) and increases Hcy. Conversely, rosiglitazone decreases Hcy levels in this time period. The clinical significance of these findings remains to be investigated.

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