• Gonzalo Luis Alonso Salinas, Marcelo Sanmartin, Marina Pascual Izco, Luis Miguel Rincon, Pablo Pastor Pueyo, Alvaro Marco Del Castillo, Alberto Garcia Guerrero, Pedro Caravaca Perez, Alejandro Recio-Mayoral, Asuncion Camino, Manuel Jimenez-Mena, and José Luis Zamorano.
• Cardiology Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
• Clin Cardiol. 2017 Oct 1; 40 (10): 925-931.

BackgroundAcute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients are increasingly older. Conventional prognostic scales include chronological age but do not consider vulnerability. In elderly patients, a frail phenotype represents a better reflection of biological age.HypothesisThis study aims to determine the prevalence of frailty and its influence on patients age ≥75 years with ACS.MethodsPatients age ≥75 years admitted due to type 1 myocardial infarction were included in 2 tertiary hospitals, and clinical data were collected prospectively. Frailty was defined at admission using the previously validated Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe Frailty Index (SHARE-FI) tool. The primary endpoint was the combination of death or nonfatal myocardial reinfarction during a follow-up of 6 months. Major bleeding (hemoglobin decrease ≥3 g/dL or transfusion needed) and readmission rates were also explored.ResultsA total of 234 consecutive patients were included. Frail patients (40.2%) had a higher-risk profile, based on higher age and comorbidities. On multivariate analysis, frailty was an independent predictor of the combination of death or nonfatal myocardial reinfarction (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 2.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-5.79), an independent predictor of the combination of death, nonfatal myocardial reinfarction, or major bleeding (aHR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.13-4.04), and an independent predictor of readmission (aHR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.00-3.22).ConclusionsFrailty phenotype at admission is common among elderly patients with ACS and is an independent predictor for severe adverse events. It should be considered in future risk-stratification models.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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