• Ying Cao, Mengchun Gong, Yang Han, Jing Xie, Xuemei Li, Lixia Zhang, Yanling Li, Xiaojing Song, Ting Zhu, and Taisheng Li.
• Department of Infectious Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
• Nephrology (Carlton). 2013 Apr 1; 18 (4): 307-12.

AimThe aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among HIV-infected antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naïve patients in Mainland China.MethodsIn this multicenter cross-sectional study, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation. CKD was defined as GFRMDRD  < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) and/or isolated proteinuria (≥1 + on urine dipstick) that persisted at month 3 after the baseline assessment. Risk factors associated with CKD were examined using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsIn total, 538 HIV-infected ART-naïve patients were included in this study. There were 399 male and 139 female patients. The mean age was 36.5 ± 10.0 years. The prevalence of hypertension, glycometabolism abnormities, and CKD were 3.2%, 3.0%, and 16.1%, respectively. Thirteen (2.4%) patients had estimated GFR (eGFR) < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m(2), while 73 (13.7%) patients had proteinuria. Using univariate analysis, CKD was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) associated with age, hypertension, HCV co-infection, and plasma HIV-1 viral load ≥ 100 000 copies/mL. In the multivariate logistic regression model, older age (increased by an interval of 10 years; P = 0.002), HCV co-infection (P = 0.039), and plasma HIV-1 viral load ≥ 100 000 copies/mL (P = 0.011) were significantly associated with CKD.ConclusionThe incidence of CKD is high in Chinese HIV-infected ART-naïve patients. Traditional risk factors for renal disease, such as advancing age, HCV co-infection, and higher plasma viral load were correlated with CKD in the present patient samples.© 2013 The Authors. Nephrology © 2013 Asian Pacific Society of Nephrology.

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