• Ingrid Kirsten Bucens, Alison Reid, Aniceto Cardoso Barreto, Vikas Dwivedi, and Megan Counahan.
• Department of Paediatrics, National Hospital Guido Valadares, Dili, East Timor. ingbucens@gmail.com
• J Paediatr Child Health. 2013 Jun 1; 49 (6): 452-7.

AimThe aim of this study was to undertake a retrospective review of admissions and discharges to the neonatal unit at the National Hospital Guido Valadares, Dili, in order to gain insight into the epidemiology of hospitalised neonates in East Timor, as the information cannot be obtained from the hospital health management information system.MethodData were sourced from unit registers for 3 years, 2008-2010 inclusive. Demographic characteristics and diagnoses were related to the risk of dying using stepwise multivariate logistic regression and adjusting for potential confounders of age, sex and weight.ResultsTwo thousand eighty-eight babies were admitted to the unit over the study period. Over a quarter of babies weighed <2.5 kg on admission. Almost half were admitted from emergency or outpatient departments and only 27% were admitted within their first week of life. The most common reasons for admission were sepsis and respiratory disease (38 and 22%, respectively). Overall mortality was 11.4%, mainly attributed to prematurity (28%), infection (26%) and asphyxia (24%). Home birth, male gender, very low weight, young age and a short duration of hospitalisation were independently associated with an increased risk of death. Half of all babies weighing <1.5 kg died. Two-thirds of deaths occurred within 2 days of admission.ConclusionsThe study provides, for the first time, an insight into the admissions and outcomes of the largest neonatal unit in East Timor. It is a baseline from which improvements to the quality of clinical care and data collection can be made.© 2013 The Authors. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health © 2013 Paediatrics and Child Health Division (Royal Australasian College of Physicians).

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