• Khalil Fattouch, Sebastiano Castrovinci, Giacomo Murana, Pietro Dioguardi, Francesco Guccione, Giuseppe Nasso, and Giuseppe Speziale.
• Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, GVM Care and Research, Maria Eleonora Hospital, Palermo, Italy. Electronic address: khalilfattouch@hotmail.com.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.. 2014 Nov 1;148(5):1947-50.

ObjectivesThe surgical approach for ischemic mitral regurgitation remains unclear. Many studies are in favor of adding the subvalvular procedure to mitral annuloplasty to reduce recurrent mitral regurgitation. This study reports the clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of papillary muscle relocation combined with mitral annuloplasty.MethodsFrom 2003, 115 patients with severe ischemic mitral regurgitation who underwent papillary muscle relocation plus nonrestrictive mitral annuloplasty and coronary artery bypass grafting were retrospective analyzed. Patients' mean age was 52±12.8 years, New York Heart Association class III or IV was 71%, and preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction was 43%±6%. The study end points were New York Heart Association functional class, reversal in left ventricle remodeling, reduction of mean tenting area and mean coaptation depth, freedom from cardiac-related deaths and events, and freedom from recurrent mitral regurgitation. Follow-up data were obtained in all patients and were 100% complete. Mean follow-up was 45±6 months.ResultsFive-year freedom from cardiac-related death and events was 91.3%±1.6% and 84%±2.2%, respectively. Recurrent mitral regurgitation more than moderate occurred in 3 patients (2.7%). Reversal in left ventricular remodeling, measured by a change in the end-diastolic and systolic diameter, was observed in our patients (P<.05). The postoperative mean tenting area and mean coaptation depth were 1.1±0.2 cm2 and 0.5±0.2 cm, respectively; 95% of the patients were in New York Heart Association functional class I and II.ConclusionsIn patients with ischemic mitral regurgitation, papillary muscle relocation plus nonrestrictive mitral annuloplasty promotes a significant reversal in left ventricular remodeling, with a considerable decrease in tenting area and coaptation depth. Our approach is a durable method to reduce the recurrence of mitral insufficiency.Copyright © 2014 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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