• Tomer M Mark, Danielle Guarneri, Peter Forsberg, Adriana Rossi, Roger Pearse, Arthur Perry, Karen Pekle, Linda Tegnestam, June Greenberg, Tsiporah Shore, Usama Gergis, Sebastian Mayer, Koen Van Besien, Scott Ely, David Jayabalan, Daniel Sherbenou, Morton Coleman, and Ruben Niesvizky.
• Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address: tomer.mark@ucdenver.edu.
• Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. 2017 Jun 1; 23 (6): 930-937.

AbstractAutologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) conditioned with high-dose chemotherapy has long been established as the standard of care for eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Despite recent therapeutic advances, high-dose melphalan (HDM) remains the chemotherapy regimen of choice in this setting. Lenalidomide (LEN) in combination with low-dose dexamethasone is recognized as a standard of care for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), and there is growing support for the administration of LEN as maintenance therapy post-ASCT. In view of the above, the present phase I clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of high-dose LEN (HDLEN) in patients with RRMM, and to determine the maximum tolerated dose of HDLEN when added to HDM before ASCT. Despite administering HDLEN at doses of up to 350 mg/day, the maximum tolerated dose could not be determined, owing to an insufficient number of dose-limiting toxicities in the 21 patients enrolled in the trial. Conditioning with HDLEN plus HDM was associated with a favorable tolerability profile. Adverse events following ASCT were as expected with HDM. Median progression-free and overall survival were 10 months and 22 months, respectively, in this population of heavily pretreated patients. Our findings suggest that HDLEN in combination with HDM may offer significant potential as a conditioning regimen before ASCT in patients with RRMM. These preliminary findings are now being evaluated further in an ongoing phase II clinical trial.Copyright © 2017 The American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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