• Megan L Lawlor, Lori A Shook, Kristen McQuerry, Aarthi Srinivasan, Quinetta B Johnson, Niraj R Chavan, and Agatha S Critchfield.
• Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA.
• J. Matern. Fetal. Neonatal. Med. 2020 Aug 1; 33 (16): 2718-2722.

AbstractObjective: To determine if a structured care-by-parent (CBP) protocol is associated with a reduction in diagnosis of treatment-requiring Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS).Study design: We performed a pilot retrospective, case control study of pregnant women enrolled in a comprehensive prenatal care program for opioid-dependent patients during which they received buprenorphine for Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) for Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). Patients who participated in the CBP program actively roomed-in with their infants even after maternal hospital discharge while infants continued to be monitored for development of treatment-requiring NOWS. The primary outcome was the rate of treatment-requiring NOWS in the CBP grouping.Results: Thirty-two (32) cases that were enrolled in the CBP model were compared with 32 matched controls that were not enrolled in this model. There was a significant reduction in the rate of treatment-requiring NOWS among cases compared to the controls (OR = 0.10; p = .001). Neonates undergoing CBP had a decreased length of stay and lower Finnegan scores compared to those who did not undergo CBPConclusion: Among infants born to mothers with OUD in pregnancy, CBP significantly reduces the rate of treatment-requiring NOWS.

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