• Carlos Romero-Morales, María Bravo-Aguilar, Vanesa Abuín-Porras, Jaime Almazán-Polo, César Calvo-Lobo, Eva María Martínez-Jiménez, Daniel López-López, and Emmanuel Navarro-Flores.
• Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: carlos.romero@universidadeuropea.es.
• Dis Mon. 2021 Oct 1; 67 (10): 101210.

AbstractThe present review summarized the current advances and novel research on minimal invasive techniques for musculoskeletal disorders. Different invasive approaches were proposed in the physical therapy field for the management of musculoskeletal disorders, such as ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle electrolysis, dry needling, acupuncture and other invasive therapy techniques, discussing about their worldwide status, safety and interventional ultrasound imaging. Indeed, dry needling may be one of the most useful and studies invasive physical therapy applications in musculoskeletal disorders of different body regions, such as back, upper limb, shoulder, arm, hand, pelvis, lower limb, neck, head, or temporomandibular joint, and multiple soreness location disorders, such as fibromyalgia. In addition, the assessment and treatment by acupuncture or electro-acupuncture was considered and detailed for different conditions such as plantar fasciitis, osteoarthritis, spasticity, myofascial pain syndrome, osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. As an increasing technique in physical therapy, the use of ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle electrolysis was discussed in injuries of the musculoskeletal system and entrapment neuropathies. Also, ultrasound-guided percutaneous neuromodulation was established as a rising technique combined with ultrasound evaluation of the peripheral nerve system with different clinical applications which need further studies to detail their effectiveness in different musculoskeletal conditions. Thus, invasive physical therapy may be considered as a promising approach with different novel applications in several musculoskeletal disorders and a rising use in the physiotherapy field.Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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