• Jérémie Thereaux, Thomas Lesuffleur, Sébastien Czernichow, Arnaud Basdevant, Simon Msika, David Nocca, Bertrand Millat, and Anne Fagot-Campagna.
• Department of Statistics, Caisse Nationale d'Assurance Maladie des Travailleurs Salariés, Paris, France; Department of General, Digestive and Metabolic Surgery, La Cavale Blanche University Hospital, Brest, France; University of Bretagne Occidentale, EA 3878 Brest, France.
• Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2017 Jun 1; 13 (6): 951-959.

BackgroundGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common obesity-related co-morbidity that routinely is treated by continuous proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. A number of concerns have been raised regarding the risk of de novo GERD or exacerbation of preexisting GERD after sleeve gastrectomy (SG).ObjectiveTo assess PPI use at 4 years after bariatric surgery.SettingFrench National Health Insurance.MethodsData were extracted from the French National Health Insurance database. All adult obese patients who had undergone gastric bypass (GBP) (n = 8250) or SG (n = 11,923) in 2011 in France were included. Patients were considered to be on continuous PPI therapy when PPIs were dispensed≥6 times per year. Logistic regression models were used to compute odds ratios for potential risk factors for PPI reimbursement 4 years after surgery.ResultsOverall, continuous use of PPIs increased from baseline to 4 years after SG and GBP, from 10.9% to 26.5% (P<.001) and from 11.4% to 21.9% (P<.001), respectively. Among patients who underwent PPI therapy before surgery, those who had undergone SG were more likely to continue PPI therapy 4 years after surgery compared with those who underwent GBP (72.7% versus 59.2%; P<.001). In multivariate analyses, the major risk factors for persistent continuous PPI treatment 4 years after surgery were the following: SG (odds ratio [OR] = 1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55-2.25), higher body mass index (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.35-2.5), and preoperative antidepressant treatment (OR 1.89; 95% CI 1.56-2.29).ConclusionAt a nationwide scale, continuous PPI treatment is used by 1 of 10 obese patients before bariatric surgery, but by 1 of 4 patients 4 years after surgery. SG compared with GBP, higher body mass index, and other coexisting conditions are the 3 major risk factors for medium-term continuous PPI therapy.Copyright © 2017 American Society for Bariatric Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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