• Antonio M Calafiore, Reda Refaie, Angela L Iacò, Mahmood Asif, Heythem S Al Shurafa, Hussein Al-Amri, Antonella Romeo, and Michele Di Mauro.
• Department of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: am.calafiore@gmail.com.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.. 2014 Jul 1;148(1):41-6.

ObjectiveThe optimal surgical treatment of ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) has not been well defined. Second-order chordal cutting (CC), in selected patients, can improve surgical outcomes.MethodsFrom 2007 to 2011, 31 patients underwent CC for ischemic MR. The indication was the presence of increased tethering of the anterior leaflet, with a bending angle (BA) <145°. Patients with same echocardiographic characteristics were identified and propensity matched for age, ejection fraction (EF), MR grade, diameters, and BA. Only patients with preoperative and follow-up echocardiograms were included and divided into 2 groups of 26 patients each, CC and no-CC.ResultsPreoperatively, in the CC and no-CC groups, the age was 61 ± 9 and 62 ± 10 years, EF was 31% ± 5% and 29% ± 8%, MR grade (0-4) was 3.6 ± 0.6 and 3.3 ± 0.8, and diastolic and systolic dimension was 56 ± 7 and 43 ± 8 mm and 57 ± 11 and 44 ± 11 mm, respectively. The New York Heart Association class and BA was 2.7 ± 0.6 and 2.6 ± 0.7 and 137° ± 4° and 137° ± 6°, respectively. All patients underwent overreductive annuloplasty. In the CC group, second-order chords were cut using aortotomy. After a mean of 33 ± 15 months, the MR grade was 0.6 ± 0.6 and 1.1 ± 0.8 (P = .014) and the EF was 40% ± 5% and 35% ± 7% (P = .005) in the CC and no-CC groups, respectively. The corresponding diastolic and systolic diameters were 52 ± 5 and 38 ± 8 mm and 53 ± 11 and 41 ± 12 mm (P = NS). The modifications were significant only in the CC group (P = .022 and P = .029 for the diastolic and systolic dimensions, respectively). The corresponding New York Heart Association class decreased to 1.1 ± 0.3 and 1.5 ± 0.6 (P = .004). The BA increased to 182° ± 4° in the CC (P < .001) and remained unchanged (137° ± 6°) in the no-CC group.ConclusionsIn selected patients with a BA <145° and coaptation depth ≤10 mm, CC is related to less MR return or persistence, improved EF, and lower New York Heart Association class.Copyright © 2014 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

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