• Samira Davarzani, Kurosh Djafarian, Cain C T Clark, Nadia Babaei, Parivash Ghorbaninejad, Mojdeh Ebaditabar, and Sakineh Shab-Bidar.
• Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
• Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2021 Oct 1; 75 (10): e14510.

BackgroundTo investigate the combination relationship of age with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) and 1,25-(OH)2D3 levels on muscle strength.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study on 270 subjects containing 115 men and 155 women. Serum concentration of 25(OH) D and 1,25-(OH)2D3 were assessed. Hand grip strength (HGS) was measured using a digital dynamometer.ResultsThere was no significant difference in mean of HGS among tertiles of 25(OH)D (P = .350) and 1,25(OH)2 D (P = .467) before and after controlling for potential confounding factors. A significant difference in HGS was found between age categories in both crude (P < .001) and adjusted models (P = .018), where mean grip strength increased in the three first age categories, but decreased in the last group (48-69 years old). There was also a significant interaction between age and 25(OH) D (P = .049) and 1,25-(OH)2D3 (P = .047) on HGS, in which the combination effect increased the mean of muscle strength up to middle age after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsSerum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2 D were not related to muscle strength. However, age, and combination of age with both 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2 D, significantly resulted in improving in muscle strength up to middle age.© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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