-
Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. · Jun 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the central nervous system effects of midazolam and its main metabolite alpha-hydroxymidazolam in healthy volunteers.
- J W Mandema, B Tuk, A L van Steveninck, D D Breimer, A F Cohen, and M Danhof.
- Center for Bio-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
- Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 1992 Jun 1; 51 (6): 715-28.
AbstractThe pharmacodynamics of midazolam and its main metabolite alpha-hydroxymidazolam were characterized in individual subjects by use of saccadic eye movement and electroencephalographic (EEG) effect measurements. Eight healthy volunteers received 0.1 mg/kg midazolam intravenously in 15 minutes, 0.15 mg/kg alpha-hydroxymidazolam intravenously in 15 minutes, 7.5 mg midazolam orally and placebo in a randomized, double-blind, four-way crossover experiment. Plasma concentrations of midazolam, alpha-hydroxymidazolam and 4-hydroxymidazolam were measured by gas chromatography. The amplitudes in the 11.5 to 30 Hz (beta) frequency band were used as EEG effect measure. The concentration-effect relationships were quantified by the sigmoid maximum effect model. The median effective concentrations of midazolam and alpha-hydroxymidazolam were (mean +/- SE) 77 +/- 15 and 98 +/- 17 ng/ml, respectively, for the EEG effect measure. For peak saccadic velocity the values were 40 +/- 7 ng/ml for midazolam and 49 +/- 10 ng/ml for alpha-hydroxymidazolam. The maximum effect values were similar for both compounds. The effects observed after oral administration of midazolam could not be predicted accurately by an additive and competitive interaction model. It seems that alpha-hydroxymidazolam is highly potent with respect to the measured effects and contributes significantly to those effects of midazolam after oral administration.
Notes
Knowledge, pearl, summary or comment to share?You can also include formatting, links, images and footnotes in your notes
- Simple formatting can be added to notes, such as
*italics*
,_underline_
or**bold**
. - Superscript can be denoted by
<sup>text</sup>
and subscript<sub>text</sub>
. - Numbered or bulleted lists can be created using either numbered lines
1. 2. 3.
, hyphens-
or asterisks*
. - Links can be included with:
[my link to pubmed](http://pubmed.com)
- Images can be included with:
![alt text](https://bestmedicaljournal.com/study_graph.jpg "Image Title Text")
- For footnotes use
[^1](This is a footnote.)
inline. - Or use an inline reference
[^1]
to refer to a longer footnote elseweher in the document[^1]: This is a long footnote.
.