• Monika M Skubisz, Stephen Tong, Ann Doust, Jill Mollison, Terrance G Johns, Peter Neil, Miranda Robinson, Siladitya Bhattacharya, Euan Wallace, Nicole Krzys, Colin Duncan W W MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom., and Andrew W Horne.
• Translational Obstetrics Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg 3084, Victoria, Australia; Mercy Perinatal, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg 3084, Victoria, Australia; The Hudson Institute, Clayton 3168, Australia; Monash Health, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia.
• EBioMedicine. 2018 Jul 1; 33: 276-281.

BackgroundEctopic pregnancies are a leading cause of maternal mortality. Most are treated surgically. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of combining oral gefitinib (epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor) with methotrexate to treat larger ectopic pregnancies.MethodsWe performed a phase II, single arm, open label study across four hospitals in Edinburgh and Melbourne. We recruited women with a stable tubal ectopic pregnancy and a pre-treatment serum hCG between 1000 and 10,000 IU/L. We administered intramuscular methotrexate (50 mg/m2) once, and oral gefitinib (250 mg) for seven days. The primary outcome was the percentage successfully treated without needing surgery. To show the treatment is at least 70% effective, 28 participants were required, and 24 or more successfully treated without surgery. Secondary outcomes were safety, tolerability, and time to resolution. This study is registered (ACTRN12611001056987).Findings30 participants with stable tubal ectopic pregnancies were recruited but two withdrew, leaving 28 participants. The median (± range) pre-treatment serum hCG was 2039 (1031-8575) IU/L and nine had pre-treatment hCGs levels >3000 IU/L. The treatment successfully resolved 86% (24/28) cases with a median (±range) time to resolution of 32 (18-67) days. The treatment caused transient rash and diarrhoea, but no serious adverse events.InterpretationCombination gefitinib and methotrexate is at least 70% effective in resolving ectopic pregnancies with a pre-treatment serum hCG 1000-10,000 IU/L. This may be a new way to treat most stable ectopic pregnancies, but needs to be validated via a randomised clinical trial.Crown Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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