• Nanda Kishore Routhu, Narayanaiah Cheedarla, Sailaja Gangadhara, Venkata Satish Bollimpelli, Arun K Boddapati, Ayalnesh Shiferaw, Sheikh Abdul Rahman, Anusmita Sahoo, Venkata Viswanadh Edara, Lilin Lai, Katharine Floyd, Shelly Wang, Stephanie Fischinger, Caroline Atyeo, Sally A Shin, Sanjeev Gumber, Shannon Kirejczyk, Joyce Cohen, Sherrie M Jean, Jennifer S Wood, Fawn Connor-Stroud, Rachelle L Stammen, Amit A Upadhyay, Kathryn Pellegrini, David Montefiori, Pei-Yong Shi, Vineet D Menachery, Galit Alter, Thomas H Vanderford, Steven E Bosinger, Mehul S Suthar, and Rama Rao Amara.
• Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
• Immunity. 2021 Mar 9; 54 (3): 542-556.e9.

AbstractA combination of vaccination approaches will likely be necessary to fully control the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Here, we show that modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) vectors expressing membrane-anchored pre-fusion stabilized spike (MVA/S) but not secreted S1 induced strong neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 in mice. In macaques, the MVA/S vaccination induced strong neutralizing antibodies and CD8+ T cell responses, and conferred protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection and virus replication in the lungs as early as day 2 following intranasal and intratracheal challenge. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of lung cells on day 4 after infection revealed that MVA/S vaccination also protected macaques from infection-induced inflammation and B cell abnormalities and lowered induction of interferon-stimulated genes. These results demonstrate that MVA/S vaccination induces neutralizing antibodies and CD8+ T cells in the blood and lungs and is a potential vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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