• K D Bickel, W C Lineaweaver, S Follansbee, R Feibel, R Jackson, and H J Buncke.
• Division of Microsurgery, Transplantation, and Replantation, Davies Medical Center, San Francisco, CA.
• J Reconstr Microsurg. 1994 Mar 1; 10 (2): 83-5.

AbstractMedicinal leeches are widely used to treat venous congestion in microvascular surgery. Aeromonas hydrophila infection, following application of the leech species Hirudo medicinalis, is a recognized complication. Administration of antibiotics directed at Aeromonas has been successful in minimizing complications of infection from this organism. A different leech species, Hirudinaria manillensis, has recently been introduced for microsurgical use. A study of the enteric content of 30 of these leeches showed that Aeromonas hydrophila was isolated in only 20 percent of animals, while the majority of remaining positive cultures were single and mixed gram-negative rods. All organisms isolated were sensitive to current recommended coverage for Aeromonas hydrophila. This study suggests that the enteric flora of different leech species may be variable and should be carefully characterized, to direct appropriate prophylactic therapy prior to release of new species for clinical use.

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