• Hatice Güneş, Sevcan İpek, Sadık Yurttutan, Tuncay Kuloğlu, Fatma Tolun, Ülkü Kazancı, and Adem Doğaner.
• Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
• Turk J Med Sci. 2021 Oct 1; 51 (5): 272727332727-2733.

BackgroundNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a commonly seen life-threatening condition in newborns characterized by ischemic necrosis. This study aimed to investigate anakinra's effects, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, on oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue necrosis in an NEC rat model.MethodsForty Wistar albino pups were divided into four groups randomly as follows; group 1, control group; group 2, anakinra-treated control group; group 3, NEC group; and group 4, NEC and anakinra treatment group. The rats were given hyperosmolar formula feeding, and they were exposed to hypoxia after cold stress at +4 °C and oxygen in order to create the NEC model. On the 4th day of the experiment, the pups were decapitated, and the intestinal tissues were resected for biochemical and histopathologic examination.ResultsMicroscopic injury scores and apoptotic indexes were higher in group 3 than the control group (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, respectively), and there was a significant decrease after anakinra. Interleukin 1β and caspase-3 levels increased with NEC and decreased significantly after administration of anakinra (p = 0.006, p = 0.004, respectively). Malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase levels also increased compared with the control group (p = 0.019, p = 0.002, respectively).DiscussionIn this experimental study, we found that anakinra had antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects and was protective against intestinal injury and apoptosis.

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