• Ajit P Yoganathan, Mark Fogel, Susan Gamble, Michael Morton, Paul Schmidt, Jeff Secunda, Sara Vidmar, and Pedro Del Nido.
• The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga. Electronic address: ajit.yoganathan@bme.gatech.edu.
• J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg.. 2013 Oct 1;146(4):879-86.

ObjectiveCongenital heart valve disease is one of the most common abnormalities in children. There are limited technological solutions available for treating children with congenital heart valve diseases. The aim of this study is to provide the details of the consensus reached in terms of pediatric definitions, design approach, in vitro testing, and clinical trials, which may be used as guidance for developing prosthetic heart valves for the pediatric indication.MethodsIn stark contrast to the various designs of adult-sized replacement valves available in the market, there are no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved prosthetic heart valves available for use in the pediatric population. There is a pressing need for FDA-approved pediatric valve devices in the United States. The pediatric patient population has been typically excluded from replacement heart valve trials for several reasons. In January 2010, heart valve manufacturers and pediatric clinicians collaborated with academicians and FDA staff in a workshop to suggest ways to successfully evaluate pediatric prosthetic valves and conduct pediatric clinical trials to provide acceptable heart valve replacement options for this patient population.ResultsRecommendations, derived from ISO 5840:2005 and the 2010 FDA Draft Replacement Heart Valve Guidance, are provided for hydrodynamic, durability, and fatigue testing.ConclusionsThe article specifically addresses in vitro and premarket and postmarket approval clinical studies that should be considered by a heart valve manufacturer for obtaining regulatory approval of pediatric sizes of prosthetic heart valve designs that are already approved for adult clinical use.Copyright © 2013 The American Association for Thoracic Surgery. Published by Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

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