• Brigitte Bader-Meunier, Roman Krzysiek, Irène Lemelle, Christine Pajot, Aurélia Carbasse, Sylvaine Poignant, Isabelle Melki, Pierre Quartier, Laure Choupeaux, Elodie Henry, Jean-Marc Treluyer, Alexandre Belot, Salima Hacein-Bey-Abina, and Saik Urien.
• Service d'Immunologie-hématologie et Rhumatologie pédiatrique, Institut Imagine, Hôpital Necker, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France & Centre National de Référence RAISE, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France. Electronic address: brigite.bader-meunier@aphp.fr.
• Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 2019 Jun 1; 48 (6): 1014-1018.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship of clinical response of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) to etanercept (ETN) with ETN levels, and the presence of anti-drug antibodies to ETN (ADAb).MethodsProspective study of JIA patients under 18 years old. Clinical and pharmacological data were collected at two visits. JIA clinical inactivity and activity were assessed according to the Wallace criteria and to the Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS). ETN and ADAb serum levels assessments were determined using ELISA-based assays.Results126 patients were enrolled. The median duration of ETN treatment at inclusion was 569 days (range 53-2340). ADAb were undetectable (<10 ng/ml) in 171/218 (78%) samples and were > 25 ng/mL in 2/218 samples. No significant relationship between ETN concentration and the clinical inactivity status and JIA activity was found using either univariate logistic regression or multiple logistic regression analysis, adjusted on one individual descriptors, time since diagnosis, time of sampling, use of corticosteroids or methotrexate and classification of JIA. No correlation was found between the remission status and the detection of ADAb.ConclusionThis study did not demonstrate any correlation between JIA activity and circulating ETN levels in a large population of patients with JIA previously treated with ETN for at least 1.5 months. As described for adults, our study confirms that ETN is marginally immunogenic in pediatric patients. These results do not support the clinical usefulness of a monitoring of ADAb or ETN concentrations for the management of this group of JIA patients if they fail to achieve clinical inactive disease.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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