• Mona Hommada, Arsène Mekinian, Pierre-Yves Brillet, Sébastien Abad, Claire Larroche, Robin Dhôte, Olivier Fain, and Michael Soussan.
• Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Avicenne, Université Paris 13, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Bobigny, France.
• Autoimmun Rev. 2017 Nov 1; 16 (11): 1131-1137.

ObjectivesTo assess the detection rate of aortitis in giant cell arteritis (GCA) with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET) and to compare the findings with CT angiography (CTA).MethodsFifty-two GCA patients and 27 controls were included. GCA patients had a PET scan at diagnosis (35/52) or during relapse (17/52). Concomitant CTA was performed in 35/52 patients. Aortitis was defined as FDG uptake higher than the liver for PET and wall thickness≥3mm for CTA. Agreement between PET and CTA was evaluated by the kappa coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient.ResultsAortitis was diagnosed using PET in 40% (14/35) of patients at diagnosis and in 0% of controls (0/27). Agreement was perfect between PET and CT at a patient-based level, and very good at a vascular segment-based level (kappa: 0.72 to 1). PET was positive in 35% (6/17) of patients scanned during GCA relapse, showing aortitis (n=4) and/or articular uptake (n=4). Discrepancies between PET and CT were observed only in relapsing GCA (n=3). Correlation between the maximum standardized uptake value and wall thickness was moderate at diagnosis (r: 0.57 to 0.7) and not statistically significant during relapse.ConclusionsThe detection rate of aortitis in GCA patients using PET is 40%, approximately in the range of CTA rates, suggesting that the two techniques have similar sensitivity. PET seems valuable in relapsing GCA, allowing the detection of vascular and articular activities.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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