• Respiratory investigation · Jan 2014

    Viral infections in patients with an acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.

    • Atsuhito Ushiki, Yoshitaka Yamazaki, Mineyuki Hama, Masanori Yasuo, Masayuki Hanaoka, and Keishi Kubo.
    • First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto City, Nagano Prefecture 390-0316, Japan. Electronic address: atsuhito@shinshu-u.ac.jp.
    • Respir Investig. 2014 Jan 1; 52 (1): 65-70.

    BackgroundPatients with slowly progressive idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, often deteriorate, thus suggesting that the clinical course may be unpredictable. Such episodes are termed acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. The etiology of an acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that an acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is induced by respiratory viral infections.MethodsBronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from patients with an acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia was tested for viral nucleic acid using polymerase chain reaction.ResultsOnly 1 of the 14 patients with an acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia exhibited evidence of respiratory syncytial virus B, and 2 patients exhibited evidence of cytomegalovirus. Seven patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.ConclusionsMost cases with an acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia are not caused by a viral infection.Copyright © 2013 The Japanese Respiratory Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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