• Erin Rayner-Hartley, P Elliott Miller, Barry Burstein, Lior Bibas, Michael Goldfarb, Penelope Rampersad, and Sean van Diepen.
• Department of Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Division of Cardiology, Royal Columbian Hospital, University of British Columbia, New Westminster, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address: e.raynerhartley@gmail.com.
• Can J Cardiol. 2020 Oct 1; 36 (10): 1675-1679.

AbstractThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has placed pressure on health care systems and intensive care unit capacity worldwide. Respiratory insufficiency is the most common reason for hospital admission in patients with COVID-19. The most severe form of respiratory failure is acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with ARDS are often treated with invasive mechanical ventilation according to established evidence-based and guideline recommended management strategies. With growing strain on critical care capacity, clinicians from diverse backgrounds, including cardiovascular specialists, might be required to help care for the growing number of patients with severe respiratory failure and ARDS. The aim of this article is to outline the fundamentals of ARDS diagnosis and management, including mechanical ventilation, for the nonintensivist. In the absence of mechanical ventilation trials specifically in patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS, the information presented is on the basis of general ARDS trials.Copyright © 2020 Canadian Cardiovascular Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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