• Rakesh Shiradkar, Soumya Ghose, Ivan Jambor, Pekka Taimen, Otto Ettala, Andrei S Purysko, and Anant Madabhushi.
• Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
• J Magn Reson Imaging. 2018 Dec 1; 48 (6): 1626-1636.

BackgroundRadiomics or computer-extracted texture features derived from MRI have been shown to help quantitatively characterize prostate cancer (PCa). Radiomics have not been explored depth in the context of predicting biochemical recurrence (BCR) of PCa.PurposeTo identify a set of radiomic features derived from pretreatment biparametric MRI (bpMRI) that may be predictive of PCa BCR.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsIn all, 120 PCa patients from two institutions, I1 and I2 , partitioned into training set D1 (N = 70) from I1 and independent validation set D2 (N = 50) from I2 . All patients were followed for ≥3 years.Sequence3T, T2 -weighted (T2 WI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from diffusion-weighted sequences.AssessmentPCa regions of interest (ROIs) on T2 WI were annotated by two experienced radiologists. Radiomic features from bpMRI (T2 WI and ADC maps) were extracted from the ROIs. A machine-learning classifier (CBCR ) was trained with the best discriminating set of radiomic features to predict BCR (pBCR ).Statistical TestsWilcoxon rank-sum tests with P < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Differences in BCR-free survival at 3 years using pBCR was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with Gleason Score (GS), PSA, and PIRADS-v2.ResultsDistribution statistics of co-occurrence of local anisotropic gradient orientation (CoLlAGe) and Haralick features from T2 WI and ADC were associated with BCR (P < 0.05) on D1 . CBCR predictions resulted in a mean AUC = 0.84 on D1 and AUC = 0.73 on D2 . A significant difference in BCR-free survival between the predicted classes (BCR + and BCR-) was observed (P = 0.02) on D2 compared to those obtained from GS (P = 0.8), PSA (P = 0.93) and PIRADS-v2 (P = 0.23).Data ConclusionRadiomic features from pretreatment bpMRI can be predictive of PCa BCR after therapy and may help identify men who would benefit from adjuvant therapy.Level Of Evidence4 Technical Efficacy: Stage 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;48:1626-1636.© 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

31 keywords...

hide…