• Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging · Aug 2011

    Comparative Study Clinical Trial

    Comparison of ¹³¹I whole-body imaging, ¹³¹I SPECT/CT, and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of metastatic thyroid cancer.

    • Jong-Ryool Oh, Byung-Hyun Byun, Sun-Pyo Hong, Ari Chong, Jahae Kim, Su-Woong Yoo, Sae-Ryung Kang, Dong-Yeon Kim, Ho-Chun Song, Hee-Seung Bom, and Jung-Joon Min.
    • Department of Nuclear Medicine, Clinical Medicine Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, 671 Jebongno, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea.
    • Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. 2011 Aug 1; 38 (8): 1459-68.

    PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare (131)I whole-body scintigraphy (WBS), WBS with (131)I single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), and (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in the detection of distant metastases of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).MethodsA total of 140 patients with 258 foci of suspected distant metastases were evaluated. (131)I WBS, (131)I SPECT/CT, and (18)F-FDG PET/CT images were interpreted separately. The final diagnosis was obtained from histopathologic study, serum thyroglobulin level, other imaging modalities, and/or clinical follow-up.ResultsOf the 140 patients with 258 foci, 46 patients with 166 foci were diagnosed as positive for distant metastasis. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of each imaging modality were 65, 55, and 59%, respectively, for (131)I WBS; 65, 95, and 85% for (131)I SPECT/CT, respectively; and 61, 98, and 86%, respectively, for (18)F-FDG PET/CT in patient-based analyses. Lesion-based analyses demonstrated that both SPECT/CT and PET/CT were superior to WBS (p<0.001) in all patient groups. SPECT/CT was superior to WBS and PET/CT (p<0.001) in patients who received a single challenge of radioiodine therapy, whereas PET/CT was superior to WBS (p=0.005) and SPECT/CT (p=0.013) in patients who received multiple challenges.ConclusionBoth SPECT/CT and PET/CT demonstrated high diagnostic performance in detecting metastatic thyroid cancer. SPECT/CT was highly accurate in patients who underwent a single challenge of radioiodine therapy. In contrast, (18)F-FDG PET/CT presented the highest diagnostic performance in patients who underwent multiple challenges of radioiodine therapy.

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