• Christina Heilmaier, Niklaus Zuber, Christian Berthold, Levent Kara, and Dominik Weishaupt.
• Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Stadtspital Triemli Zurich, Birmensdorferstrasse 497, CH-8063 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: christina.heilmaier@triemli.zurich.ch.
• J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2017 Mar 1; 28 (3): 429-441.

PurposeTo obtain local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) in diagnostic and therapeutic IR procedures with dose management software to improve radiation protection.Materials And MethodsDose data of various vascular and nonvascular IR procedures performed within 18 months were collected and analyzed with dose management software. To account for different levels of complexity, procedures were subdivided into simple, standard, and difficult procedures as graded by interventional radiologists. Based on these analyses, local DRLs (given as kerma-area product [KAP]) were proposed. Comparison with dose data of others was conducted, and Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated to evaluate relationships between dose metrics.ResultsAnalysis included 1,403 IR procedures (simple/standard/difficult, n = 346/702/355). Within the same procedure, KAP tended to increase with level of complexity. Overall, very strong correlation between KAP (Gy ∙ cm2) and cumulative air kerma (KA,R; Gy) was observed, and moderate to strong correlation between KAP and time and KA,R and time was observed. For simple procedures, strong correlation was seen between KAP and time and KA,R and time; for standard and difficult procedures, only moderate correlation was seen. Correlation between KAP and time and KA,R and time was strong in nonvascular procedures but only moderate in vascular procedures.ConclusionsDose management software can be used to derive local DRLs for various IR procedures, taking into consideration different levels of complexity. Proposed local DRLs can contribute to obtaining detailed national DRLs as part of efforts to improve patients' radiation protection further.Copyright © 2016 SIR. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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